48th to 52nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2008

Fiscal deficit is :

aTotal expenditure - Total receipts
bRevenue expenditure - Revenue receipts
cCapital expenditure - Capital receipts - Market borrowings
dSum of budget deficit and Govt's market borrowings and liabilities✓ Correct

Explanation

To obtain the gross primary deficit, net interest payments are deducted from the gross fiscal deficit. Hence: Gross Primary Deficit = Gross Fiscal Deficit – Net Interest Payments Budgetary Deficit = Total Expenditure – Total Receipts Revenue Deficit = Revenue Expenditure – Revenue Receipts Gross Fiscal Deficit = Budgetary Deficit (Total Expenditure – Total Receipts) + Government’s borrowings and other liabilities. Or, Gross Fiscal Deficit = Net domestic borrowings + borrowings from the Reserve Bank of India + borrowings from abroad. Therefore, gross fiscal deficit is the sum of the budgetary deficit and the government’s market borrowings and liabilities.

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